SEND Advocacy Blog

Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA) is a profile on the autism spectrum where a child experiences extreme anxiety when faced with everyday demands and expectations. Unlike typical demand avoidance, PDA-driven behaviour is rooted in anxiety rather than defiance. Understanding PDA can make a significant difference to how parents and schools support a child effectively.

Adopted children are disproportionately represented in SEND statistics, and many adoptive parents find themselves navigating a system they were not prepared for. Understanding how adoption intersects with special educational needs is an important first step in getting the right support in place for your child.

Stimming, short for self-stimulatory behaviour, refers to repetitive movements or sounds that many children with autism and other neurodevelopmental conditions use to regulate their sensory experience or emotions. Rather than something to be stopped, stimming often serves an important purpose. This post explains what it is and how parents can respond in a supportive, informed way.

Masking refers to the conscious or unconscious process by which neurodivergent individuals hide or suppress their natural traits in order to appear more neurotypical. While it can help a child manage social situations in the short term, long-term masking is exhausting and can be harmful to mental health. This post helps parents recognise masking and understand its real impact.

An invisible disability is a condition that has a substantial effect on a person's daily life but is not outwardly visible to others. For children with SEND, this often means their needs are misunderstood, minimised or overlooked entirely. This post helps parents understand the term, why recognition matters and how to advocate for a child whose needs are not always easy for others to see.

Autistic burnout is a state of physical and mental exhaustion that occurs when an autistic person has been masking, coping or trying to meet neurotypical expectations for an extended period. It is different from ordinary tiredness and can have a serious impact on a child's ability to function at school and at home. This post helps parents recognise the signs and understand what their child might need to recover.

Friendships can be one of the most complex and rewarding areas of life for children with SEND. Social interaction requires skills that many neurodivergent children find genuinely difficult, and that difficulty is often misunderstood by schools and peers alike. This post looks at how parents can support their child to build and maintain meaningful friendships.

Exam season can be a particularly stressful time for students with SEND, and the support available to them is not always as visible or straightforward as it should be. Whether it is extra time, rest breaks or a separate room, knowing what to ask for and how to ask for it can make a real difference to how a young person performs.

Sensory Processing Disorder describes a condition where the brain has difficulty receiving and responding to information that comes in through the senses. For children with SEND, this can mean everyday sensory experiences such as noise, light, texture or movement become overwhelming or, in some cases, barely noticeable at all. Understanding SPD helps parents and schools create environments where a child can actually learn.

Judicial Alternative Dispute Resolution, known as JADR, is a process offered by the SEND Tribunal where a judge facilitates a structured discussion between parents and the local authority in an effort to reach agreement before a full hearing takes place. It is worth understanding what it involves, when it might be offered and whether it is right for your case.

Epilepsy is a neurological condition characterised by recurring seizures, caused by sudden bursts of electrical activity in the brain. It affects people in very different ways, and for children with SEND it can add a significant layer of complexity to their educational and daily lives. This post helps parents understand the condition, its impact and what support schools should have in place.

Dyscalculia is a specific learning difficulty that affects a person's ability to understand and work with numbers. Often described as the maths equivalent of dyslexia, it is more than just struggling with arithmetic. For children with SEND, dyscalculia can affect everyday tasks, confidence and academic progress. This post helps parents understand what it looks like and what support is available.

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Condition, is a lifelong neurodevelopmental difference that affects how a person experiences and interacts with the world around them. It is not an illness and it is not something to be fixed. Understanding autism properly helps parents advocate more effectively for their child and work with schools to put the right support in place from an early stage.

Tourette's Syndrome is a neurological condition characterised by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalisations known as tics. It is often misunderstood and can be difficult for children to manage at school without the right awareness and support in place. This post helps parents understand what Tourette's Syndrome is, how it affects children and what schools should be doing to help.

Neurodiversity is a term used to describe the natural variation in how human brains work and process information. It encompasses conditions including autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia and more. Rather than viewing these differences as deficits, the neurodiversity movement recognises them as part of normal human variation. Understanding this concept helps parents and educators approach SEND from a more positive and informed perspective.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD, is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention, impulse control and activity levels. It presents differently in different children and is often misunderstood as naughtiness or lack of effort. For parents navigating the SEND system, understanding ADHD properly is a crucial first step towards getting the right diagnosis, support and provision in place.

A blog post on Dysgraphia for parents and carers of children and young people with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities ("SEND")

A blog on Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder ("ARFID") for parents/carers of children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilies

A blog post on Auditory Processing Disorder ("APD") for parents/carers of children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities ("SEND").

A blog post on situational mutism for parents and carers.